HS code verification in Middle Eastern markets

List of contents of this article:

• 1, What are the interrupt sources processed by the interrupt controller?
• 2、 How does the hardware detect interrupt events? What should I do after the interruption event is found?

What are the interrupt sources processed by the interrupt controller?

1. Usually, there are the following interruption sources: (1) External device request interruption. General external devices (such as keyboards, printers and A/D converters, etc.) send an interrupt request to the CPU after completing their own operations, requiring the CPU to serve him. ( 2) Failure is forced to interrupt.

2. The processing process of interruption is: closing the interruption (not handling other interruptions before the interruption is completed), protecting the site, executing the interrupt service program, restoring the site, and opening the interruption.Usually, there are several interruption sources: (1) External device request interruption. ( 2) Fault forced interruption. ( 3) Real-time clock request is interrupted.

3. The interrupt system has 5 interrupt sources. The structure and level of the interrupt system are as follows: special registers related to the interrupt system: the interrupt register is used to store the interrupt state, including whether the interrupt is enabled or whether the interrupt occurs.

4. From the console interrupt switch, timer, clock or other equipment, the processing of such interrupts is relatively simple and real-time. 5 Call the management program. The user program uses the dedicated command "call manager" to send interrupt requests, which is the bridge between the user program and the operating system.

What does the interrupt controller mean?

Programmable Interrupt Controller, also known as PIC, is a bridge of interrupt processing between the microprocessor and the peripheral. The interrupt request issued by the peripheral requires the interrupt controller to process. .

The interrupt controller is part of the CPU function. If it has a question mark on it, it may be that there is a problem with the motherboard driver. Reinstall the motherboard driver... Or upgrading BIOS IRQ is an interruption. Through the interruption, the peripherals can obtain the processing time of the CPU. The following table shows the IRQ settings in the usual NT system.

The interrupt controller is a hardware circuit responsible for managing interrupt requests, assigning interrupt priorities, sending interrupt signals to the CPU, etc.Modern single-chip microcomputers integrate rich interrupt controllers, which can flexibly configure interrupt requests, interrupt priorities, interrupt vector tables and other parameters to meet the needs of various applications.

What are the three major parts of the hardware structure of the computer system?

1. Computer hardware consists of CPU (operator, controller), memory and I/O equipment (input device, output device).

2. Computer hardware contains 5 important components: operator, controller, memory, input device and output device. Operator. The main function of the operator in computer hardware is to calculate and process data and information.

3. Computer hardware includes controllers, operators, memory, input devices and output devices.The x0dx0a controller and the operator are collectively referred to as the central processor, also known as the CPU.

4. Electronic computer hardware consists of operator, controller, memory, input device and output device. The integration of operator and controller is collectively known as the central processing unit (CPU). Computer components are connected by bus to form an organic whole. There are three types of microcomputer buses: address bus, control bus and data bus.

5. The hardware structure of the computer system is mainly composed of four parts: controller, operator, memory and input and output equipment, among which the controller and operator are collectively referred to as the central processor.

How does the hardware detect interrupt events? What should I do after the interruption event is found?

1. Hardware can detect interrupt events through the interrupt controller. The interrupt controller is a special hardware device used to manage interrupt request signals sent from various devices. It can provide information such as the type, validity and time stamp of the interrupt event.

2. Save the site, analyze the reason, transfer the interrupt processing program, and restore the site.The so-called interrupt means that after an event occurs in the system, the CPU suspends the executing program to execute the program process of the event. The program that handles the interrupt event is called the interrupt handler, and the component that generates the interrupt signal is called the interrupt source.

3. The main responsibilities of the interrupt include: checking whether there are interruptions: the interrupt device needs to constantly check whether there are interruptions, including interrupt events of hardware devices and interrupt events of software programs, such as system calls.

4. In terms of hardware, the interrupt mechanism needs to complete the following functions: detection and response of interrupt requests: when a device needs to send an interrupt request to the processor, it will send an interrupt request signal to the interrupt controller. The interrupt controller will detect this signal and determine which interrupt should be handled according to the priority of the interrupt request.

5. Interruption means that during the operation of the computer, when some unexpected situations require the intervention of the host, the machine can automatically stop the running program and transfer to the program to handle the new situation. After processing, it will return to the original suspended program to continue running.

6. For shieldable interrupts and microprocessor response interrupts, the hardware will automatically complete the following tasks: (1) The first stage of the interrupt response is to receive the interrupt application, and after processing the current instruction, it will enter the response cycle.